Why Is My Water Heater Leaking?

A leaking water heater can be an unexpected source of stress. Not only can leaks lead to water damage in your home, but they also indicate potential issues that could lead to a full breakdown of your water heater. Understanding why your water heater might be leaking can help you decide on the best course of action to address the issue before it escalates. Let’s dive into the common causes of water heater leaks and what you can do about them.

1. Aging Water Heater

Water heaters typically last an average of 10–15 years, depending on the model and maintenance. As they age, their components begin to wear out, which makes leaks more likely. Corrosion, rust, and sediment buildup are more prevalent in older tanks and can create weak spots where leaks develop. If your water heater is over a decade old, it might be time to consider a replacement rather than repairs, as recurring leaks are common in older units.

2. Loose or Damaged Drain Valve

Every water heater has a drain valve near the base, which allows you to empty the tank for maintenance or cleaning. If this valve becomes loose or damaged, it can lead to slow leaks or even large water loss. Often, simply tightening the valve can stop the leak. However, if the valve is cracked or faulty, it may need to be replaced.

3. High Pressure in the Tank

Water heaters are designed to withstand a certain amount of pressure, but if it builds up too much, it can force water out of weak areas. High pressure is usually caused by the water temperature being set too high or by issues with the water supply. Adjusting the temperature setting to around 120 degrees Fahrenheit can help reduce pressure and prevent leaks.

4. Corroded Anode Rod

The anode rod is an essential piece of your water heater that attracts minerals and contaminants, protecting the tank from rust. Over time, the anode rod can become corroded, and once it deteriorates, rust can form inside the tank, leading to leaks. Regularly inspecting and replacing the anode rod can extend the lifespan of your unit and even prevent leaks caused by corrosion.

5. Cracked Tank or Internal Lining Issues

Water heater tanks have an inner lining that protects them from rust and corrosion. Over time, this lining can deteriorate, especially if the tank has not been flushed regularly to remove sediment. If the tank or lining cracks, water can leak out. Unfortunately, if the inner tank is cracked, you’ll likely need to replace the whole water heater, as these types of leaks aren’t repairable.

6. Faulty Temperature and Pressure (T&P) Relief Valve

This particular valve is a safety feature that releases water if it finds that the temperature or pressure inside the tank is too high. If this valve is malfunctioning, it may release water even when the pressure is normal. This can be an easy fix: check if the valve is securely in place, and if it continues to leak, it may need to be replaced.

7. Sediment Buildup

Over time, minerals and sediment in the water may collect at the bottom of the water heater. This accumulation forces the unit to work harder to heat the water, which can cause overheating and weaken the tank, potentially leading to leaks. Regularly flushing the tank can help prevent sediment buildup. Not only that, but it can also prolong the lifespan of your water heater.

What to Do if Your Water Heater Is Leaking

• Turn Off the Power or Gas: If you discover a leak, the first step is to turn off the power supply. For electric water heaters, switch off the breaker, and for gas units, turn the gas supply valve to “off.”
• Shut Off the Water Supply: Locate the cold-water inlet valve above the tank and turn it off. This will prevent more water from entering the tank and minimize water loss.
• Drain the Tank: Draining the tank can prevent further damage and make it easier to inspect for the leak’s source. Attach a hose to the drain valve and direct the water to a safe location.
• Inspect the Leak Source: Carefully inspect areas like the drain valve, T&P valve, and connections for signs of leakage. This will help you determine if you need a simple repair or a complete replacement.

Should You Repair or Replace Your Water Heater?

While some issues, like a loose valve or a faulty T&P valve, can be fixed easily, others, such as a cracked tank, call for a full replacement. If your water heater is near the end of its lifespan, it’s often more cost-effective to invest in a new unit rather than pay for repeated repairs.

Preventative Measures to Avoid Future Leaks

One surefire way to prolong your water heater’s life and reduce the likelihood of leaks is by regularly maintaining it. Flushing the tank annually, replacing the anode rod when necessary, and monitoring the pressure and temperature settings can all go a long way in keeping your water heater in good condition.

Contact Arrow Plumbing If Your Water Heater Has Leaks San Diego, CA and the Surrounding Areas

A leaking water heater doesn’t have to mean disaster, but it’s crucial to address it promptly. By understanding the top 7 common causes of water heater leaks and following best practices, you can prevent costly repairs and enjoy consistent hot water in your San Diego home. Contact Arrow Plumbing today if you’re experiencing issues with your plumbing, such as a leaking water heater.